Q. \(\int x^{1/2}\,\mathrm{d}x\)

Answer

To integrate \(x^{1/2}\), use the power rule \(\int x^n\,dx=\frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(n\neq -1\).

\[
\int x^{1/2}\,dx=\frac{x^{3/2}}{3/2}+C=\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}+C.
\]

Final result: \(\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}+C\).

Detailed Explanation

We want to compute the indefinite integral

\[
\int x^{1/2}\,dx
\]

Step 1: Identify the power rule for integrals.

If \(n \neq -1\), then

\[
\int x^{n}\,dx = \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1} + C
\]

Step 2: Match the given expression to the rule.

Here, the integrand is \(x^{1/2}\). So the exponent is

\[
n = \frac{1}{2}
\]

Step 3: Add \(1\) to the exponent.

\[
n+1 = \frac{1}{2} + 1 = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{2} = \frac{3}{2}
\]

Step 4: Divide by the new exponent.

Using the rule, we get

\[
\int x^{1/2}\,dx = \frac{x^{3/2}}{\frac{3}{2}} + C
\]

Step 5: Simplify the coefficient.

Dividing by \(\frac{3}{2}\) is the same as multiplying by \(\frac{2}{3}\):

\[
\frac{1}{\frac{3}{2}} = \frac{2}{3}
\]

So the result becomes

\[
\int x^{1/2}\,dx = \frac{2}{3}x^{3/2} + C
\]

Final Answer:

\[
\boxed{\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2} + C}
\]

See full solution
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Calculus FAQ

What is \(\int x^{1/2}\,dx\)?

Use the power rule: \(\int x^{1/2}\,dx=\frac{x^{3/2}}{3/2}+C=\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}+C\).

How do you apply the power rule to \(\int x^n\,dx\)?

For \(n\neq -1\), \(\int x^n\,dx=\frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\). Here \(n=\frac{1}{2}\), so \(n+1=\frac{3}{2}\).

Why can you write \(\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}\) instead of \(\frac{x^{3/2}}{3/2}\)?

Because dividing by \(\frac{3}{2}\) multiplies by its reciprocal: \(\frac{x^{3/2}}{3/2}=\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}\).

Check by differentiating \(\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}\). What do you get?

\(\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}\right)=\frac{2}{3}\cdot\frac{3}{2}x^{1/2}=x^{1/2}\).

What is \(\int \sqrt{x}\,dx\)?

Since \(\sqrt{x}=x^{1/2}\), \(\int \sqrt{x}\,dx=\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}+C\).

How do you handle \(\int x^{1/2}+C\) as an indefinite integral?

The constant of integration must be added after integrating: \(\int x^{1/2}\,dx=\frac{2}{3}x^{3/2}+C\).
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