Q. \(x^2+2x-3=0\)

Answer

We factor the quadratic:

\[
x^2+2x-3=(x+3)(x-1)=0
\]

So,

\[
x=-3 \quad \text{or} \quad x=1
\]

Detailed Explanation

We want to solve the quadratic equation

\[x^2+2x-3=0.\]

Step 1: Identify the coefficients.

Compare \(x^2+2x-3=0\) to the standard form \(ax^2+bx+c=0\). Then:

\[a=1,\quad b=2,\quad c=-3.\]

Step 2: Factor the quadratic.

We look for two numbers whose product is \(ac\) and whose sum is \(b\).

\[ac=(1)(-3)=-3,\quad \text{and we want two numbers that sum to }2.\]

The numbers \(3\) and \(-1\) satisfy this because:

\[3+(-1)=2,\quad 3\cdot(-1)=-3.\]

Step 3: Write the factored form.

Using those numbers, rewrite the quadratic as:

\[(x+3)(x-1)=0.\]

Step 4: Use the zero-product property.

The zero-product property says: if a product equals zero, then at least one factor must be zero. So:

\[x+3=0 \quad \text{or} \quad x-1=0.\]

Step 5: Solve each simple equation.

First:

\[x+3=0 \Rightarrow x=-3.\]

Second:

\[x-1=0 \Rightarrow x=1.\]

Final answer:

\[x=-3 \quad \text{or} \quad x=1.\]

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Algebra FAQ

Solve \(x^2+2x-3=0\).

Factor: \((x+3)(x-1)=0\). So \(x=-3\) or \(x=1\).

Use the quadratic formula for \(x^2+2x-3=0\).

\(a=1,b=2,c=-3\). \(x=\frac{-2\pm\sqrt{4-4(1)(-3)}}{2}=\frac{-2\pm\sqrt{16}}{2}=\frac{-2\pm4}{2}\). So \(x=1,-3\).

Find the discriminant \(b^2-4ac\).

\(D=2^2-4(1)(-3)=4+12=16\). Since \(D>0\), there are two real solutions.

Verify the solutions \(x=1\) and \(x=-3\) work.

For \(x=1\): \(1+2-3=0\). For \(x=-3\): \(9-6-3=0\). Both satisfy the equation.

Solve by completing the square.

\(x^2+2x-3=0 \Rightarrow x^2+2x=3\). Add \(1\): \(x^2+2x+1=4\). Then \((x+1)^2=4\), so \(x=-1\pm2\), giving \(x=1\) and \(-3\).

How can you tell the roots are rational quickly?

After rewriting to \((x+3)(x-1)=0\), the roots are integers because the polynomial factors over integers. You can guess using factors of \(-3\): \(\pm1,\pm3\).
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